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- Agile Manufacturing
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- Cruise Control Systems in Cars
- The Cryocar
- Cylinder deactivation
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- Friction Stir Welding
- Fuel Energizer
- hemi engines
- HOVER CRAFT
- Infrared Curing and Convection Curing
- Just In Time Manufacturing
- LEAN MANUFACTURING
- MEMS for Space
- Methanol Fueled Marine Diesel Engine
- Mine Detection Using Radar Bullets
- OEE
- Personal Protection
- Vacuum Braking System
- QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT
- Quality improvement tool “poka yoke”
- Quasi turbine
- Robots In Radioactive Environments
- Running Gearing
- Selective Laser Sintering
- Sidewinder Missile
- Smart Materials and It’s Applications
- SOLAR POWERED VECHICLES
- Solar Sails
- Space Elevator
- Supercavitation
- Predictive Maintenance using Thermal Imaging
- TRANSIT MIXER AND CONCRETE PUMP
- TURBOFAN ENGINES
- Two Stroke Engine Using Reed Valves
- Ultrasonic Metal Welding
- Ultrasonic Techniques for hidden corrosion detecti...
- Variable Valve Timing In I.C. Engines
Tuesday, July 29, 2008
Seminar Topics List
Variable Valve Timing In I.C. Engines
ABSTRACT
VALVE TIMING (VT) is one of the most important aspects of consideration in the design of an automobile engine. Simply defined, it is the timing, or regulation of the opening and closing of the valves. In simpler terms, it is the way an engine ‘breathes’.
In an I.C.engine, usually the inlet valves open a few degrees (of crank angle) prior to TDC, and close after BDC. Similarly, the exhaust valves open a few degrees before BDC and close a few degrees after TDC. This is done to maximise:
Intake of air/air-fuel mixture; and
Scavenging, i.e. the exhaust of burnt gases.
Until recently, most engines around the world utilised ordinary or static VT, where the parameters of valve opening, lift, and closing (VO, VL and VC) were fixed. This was satisfactory at normal engine speeds, but posed problems at high and low speeds. Since the VT did not vary with speed, the additional requirements that arose at the extreme speeds could not be met with static VT. For example, at high speeds, the engine requires greater amounts of air. This implies that the IV should remain open for a longer period of time. This, though beneficial at high speeds, would be a menace at low speeds as it may lead to exhaust of unburnt fuel, which results in fuel wastage, increased emissions and lower performance.
This is where variable valve timing (VVT) comes into play. As the name suggests, the timing of the valves is not fixed, but varies, as per the demands of the situations. Therefore, the extra demands of the engine can be met, which in turn, results in improved engine performance.
VALVE TIMING (VT) is one of the most important aspects of consideration in the design of an automobile engine. Simply defined, it is the timing, or regulation of the opening and closing of the valves. In simpler terms, it is the way an engine ‘breathes’.
In an I.C.engine, usually the inlet valves open a few degrees (of crank angle) prior to TDC, and close after BDC. Similarly, the exhaust valves open a few degrees before BDC and close a few degrees after TDC. This is done to maximise:
Intake of air/air-fuel mixture; and
Scavenging, i.e. the exhaust of burnt gases.
Until recently, most engines around the world utilised ordinary or static VT, where the parameters of valve opening, lift, and closing (VO, VL and VC) were fixed. This was satisfactory at normal engine speeds, but posed problems at high and low speeds. Since the VT did not vary with speed, the additional requirements that arose at the extreme speeds could not be met with static VT. For example, at high speeds, the engine requires greater amounts of air. This implies that the IV should remain open for a longer period of time. This, though beneficial at high speeds, would be a menace at low speeds as it may lead to exhaust of unburnt fuel, which results in fuel wastage, increased emissions and lower performance.
This is where variable valve timing (VVT) comes into play. As the name suggests, the timing of the valves is not fixed, but varies, as per the demands of the situations. Therefore, the extra demands of the engine can be met, which in turn, results in improved engine performance.
Ultrasonic Techniques for hidden corrosion detection
ABSTRACT
Detection of corrosion damage in aircraft wing skin structures is an ongoing NDT challenge. Ultrasonic methods are known and well-accepted techniques, which are relatively simple to carry out in terms of setup, probes and instrumentation and operator training. However, with conventional inspection from the top surface using a transducer at normal incidence (0o to the normal to the surface) producing a visual picture in the form of a C-scan, it is very time consuming to point-by-point inspects large aircraft wing skin areas. In addition it is too difficult to detect disbonds in thin multilayered and fatigue cracks in the shadow region at fastener holes in airframe structures where water and humidity then are infiltrated to create corrosion and exfoliation around and under the rivets. Ultrasonic guided waves demonstrate potential as promising, global and fast inspection method. It can be used to compliment and in some cases, be an alternative to conventional ultrasonic C-scan inspection method.
Detection of corrosion damage in aircraft wing skin structures is an ongoing NDT challenge. Ultrasonic methods are known and well-accepted techniques, which are relatively simple to carry out in terms of setup, probes and instrumentation and operator training. However, with conventional inspection from the top surface using a transducer at normal incidence (0o to the normal to the surface) producing a visual picture in the form of a C-scan, it is very time consuming to point-by-point inspects large aircraft wing skin areas. In addition it is too difficult to detect disbonds in thin multilayered and fatigue cracks in the shadow region at fastener holes in airframe structures where water and humidity then are infiltrated to create corrosion and exfoliation around and under the rivets. Ultrasonic guided waves demonstrate potential as promising, global and fast inspection method. It can be used to compliment and in some cases, be an alternative to conventional ultrasonic C-scan inspection method.
Ultrasonic Metal Welding
ABSTRACT
Ultrasonic metal welding is a solid state welding process, and here ultrasonic vibrating motion is used to join two materials. The two work pieces are held in between the anvil and sonotrode. The work piece on the anvil is hold stationary while the other part is moved to and fro due to the vibrating effect of the sonotrode. This movement the oxide disperses layer in between them and atoms of the work pieces are diffused from one part to another. When vibration is stopped a pure metallurgical bond is obtained.
Ultrasonic metal welding is a solid state welding process, and here ultrasonic vibrating motion is used to join two materials. The two work pieces are held in between the anvil and sonotrode. The work piece on the anvil is hold stationary while the other part is moved to and fro due to the vibrating effect of the sonotrode. This movement the oxide disperses layer in between them and atoms of the work pieces are diffused from one part to another. When vibration is stopped a pure metallurgical bond is obtained.
Two Stroke Engine Using Reed Valves
ABSTRACT
Fresh charge loss during the scavenging process of a two stroke S.I engine is known to be the principal reason for its high specific fuel consumption and high hydrocarbon emission. In order to minimize the fresh charge loss to the exhaust a new scavenging system had been developed. To achieve better performance from this scavenging system, control of air flow through reed valve is necessary, since it will affect the mixture quality of the trapped charge. In this paper, improved performance and reduction in exhaust emissions are reported by optimizing the amount of atmospheric air entering through the reed valves in a small capacity, two stroke S.I engine.
Fresh charge loss during the scavenging process of a two stroke S.I engine is known to be the principal reason for its high specific fuel consumption and high hydrocarbon emission. In order to minimize the fresh charge loss to the exhaust a new scavenging system had been developed. To achieve better performance from this scavenging system, control of air flow through reed valve is necessary, since it will affect the mixture quality of the trapped charge. In this paper, improved performance and reduction in exhaust emissions are reported by optimizing the amount of atmospheric air entering through the reed valves in a small capacity, two stroke S.I engine.
TURBOFAN ENGINES
INTRODUCTION
Jet Propulsion is the thrust imparting forward motion to an object, as a reaction to the rearward expulsion of a high-velocity liquid or gaseous stream.
A simple example of jet propulsion is the motion of an inflated balloon when the air is suddenly discharged. While the opening is held closed, the air pressure within the balloon is equal in all directions; when the stem is released, the internal pressure is less at the open end than at the opposite end, causing the balloon to dart forward. Not the pressure of the escaping air pushing against the outside atmosphere but the difference between high and low pressures inside the balloon propels it.
An actual jet engine does not operate quite as simply as a balloon, although the basic principle is the same. More important than pressure imbalance is the acceleration due to high velocities of the jet leaving the engine. This is achieved by forces in the engine that enable the gas to flow backward forming the jet. Newton's second law shows that these forces are proportional to the rate at which the momentum of the gas is increased. For a jet engine, this is related to the rate of mass flow multiplied by the rearward-leaving jet velocity. Newton's third law, which states that every force must have an equal and opposite reaction, shows that the rearward force is balanced by a forward reaction, known as thrust. This thrusting action is similar to the recoil of a gun, which increases as both the mass of the projectile and its muzzle velocity are increased. High-thrust engines, therefore, require both large rates of mass flow and high jet-exit velocities, which
can only be achieved by increasing internal engine pressures and by increasing the volume of the gas by means of combustion.
Jet-propulsion devices are used primarily in high-speed, high-altitude aircraft, in missiles, and in spacecraft. The source of power is a high-energy fuel that is burned at intense pressures to produce the large gas volume needed for high jet-exit velocities. The oxidizer required for the combustion may be the oxygen in the air that is drawn into the engine and compressed, or the oxidizer may be carried in the vehicle, so that the engine is independent of a surrounding atmosphere. Engines that depend on the atmosphere for oxygen include turbojets, turbofans, turboprops, ramjets, and pulse jets. Non-atmospheric engines are usually called rocket engines.
Jet Propulsion is the thrust imparting forward motion to an object, as a reaction to the rearward expulsion of a high-velocity liquid or gaseous stream.
A simple example of jet propulsion is the motion of an inflated balloon when the air is suddenly discharged. While the opening is held closed, the air pressure within the balloon is equal in all directions; when the stem is released, the internal pressure is less at the open end than at the opposite end, causing the balloon to dart forward. Not the pressure of the escaping air pushing against the outside atmosphere but the difference between high and low pressures inside the balloon propels it.
An actual jet engine does not operate quite as simply as a balloon, although the basic principle is the same. More important than pressure imbalance is the acceleration due to high velocities of the jet leaving the engine. This is achieved by forces in the engine that enable the gas to flow backward forming the jet. Newton's second law shows that these forces are proportional to the rate at which the momentum of the gas is increased. For a jet engine, this is related to the rate of mass flow multiplied by the rearward-leaving jet velocity. Newton's third law, which states that every force must have an equal and opposite reaction, shows that the rearward force is balanced by a forward reaction, known as thrust. This thrusting action is similar to the recoil of a gun, which increases as both the mass of the projectile and its muzzle velocity are increased. High-thrust engines, therefore, require both large rates of mass flow and high jet-exit velocities, which
can only be achieved by increasing internal engine pressures and by increasing the volume of the gas by means of combustion.
Jet-propulsion devices are used primarily in high-speed, high-altitude aircraft, in missiles, and in spacecraft. The source of power is a high-energy fuel that is burned at intense pressures to produce the large gas volume needed for high jet-exit velocities. The oxidizer required for the combustion may be the oxygen in the air that is drawn into the engine and compressed, or the oxidizer may be carried in the vehicle, so that the engine is independent of a surrounding atmosphere. Engines that depend on the atmosphere for oxygen include turbojets, turbofans, turboprops, ramjets, and pulse jets. Non-atmospheric engines are usually called rocket engines.
TRANSIT MIXER AND CONCRETE PUMP
ABSTRACT
Ready mix concrete is a revolutionary product, which metamorphosed the entire construction industry. It is a factory made, quality product.
The advanced state-of-the art of technology means, play of machineries for the fruit full production of RMC. The transit mixer and concrete pump – the delivery units of RMC.
The transit mixer that ensure timely deliver of concrete of same workability and quality at worksite.
The concrete pump is used to deliver the concrete at desired place as per requirements.
Ready mix concrete is a revolutionary product, which metamorphosed the entire construction industry. It is a factory made, quality product.
The advanced state-of-the art of technology means, play of machineries for the fruit full production of RMC. The transit mixer and concrete pump – the delivery units of RMC.
The transit mixer that ensure timely deliver of concrete of same workability and quality at worksite.
The concrete pump is used to deliver the concrete at desired place as per requirements.
Predictive Maintenance using Thermal Imaging
ABSTRACT
Prevention of failures in production plants is one of the main objectives of an industry. Cost incurred in maintenance procedures forms a lion share of the expenditures of an industry. So it is essential to reduce this maintenance costs. Preventive maintenance was the key word till the late 1970’s. Today we have the predictive maintenance. With this procedure we are actually predicting a failure before a failure actually occurs. Thermal imaging, which is a technique of producing a thermal graph of the temperature rise caused in plant equipment due to the failures caused mainly due to faulty connections, leaks etc. has now been the most innovative technique for this purpose. Thermal imaging finds vast applications. In this seminar in addition to the procedures for predictive maintenance made in production plant various other applications of thermal imaging are also discussed.
Prevention of failures in production plants is one of the main objectives of an industry. Cost incurred in maintenance procedures forms a lion share of the expenditures of an industry. So it is essential to reduce this maintenance costs. Preventive maintenance was the key word till the late 1970’s. Today we have the predictive maintenance. With this procedure we are actually predicting a failure before a failure actually occurs. Thermal imaging, which is a technique of producing a thermal graph of the temperature rise caused in plant equipment due to the failures caused mainly due to faulty connections, leaks etc. has now been the most innovative technique for this purpose. Thermal imaging finds vast applications. In this seminar in addition to the procedures for predictive maintenance made in production plant various other applications of thermal imaging are also discussed.
Supercavitation
ABSTRACT
The human being has crossed the sound barrier in air and land, what about underwater? Water is the most challenging environment for an Engineer. Supersonic under Water Travel is the dream of scientists working on a bizarre technology called SUPERCAVITATION. This report is a paper presentation on supersonic under-water propulsion technique. For now supercavitation is largely concentrated around military developments and applications. But far from now this simple cavitating theory could bring us the ultimate fighting machines like supersonic subfighters, massive subfighter carriers, supersonic fighters etc.
The human being has crossed the sound barrier in air and land, what about underwater? Water is the most challenging environment for an Engineer. Supersonic under Water Travel is the dream of scientists working on a bizarre technology called SUPERCAVITATION. This report is a paper presentation on supersonic under-water propulsion technique. For now supercavitation is largely concentrated around military developments and applications. But far from now this simple cavitating theory could bring us the ultimate fighting machines like supersonic subfighters, massive subfighter carriers, supersonic fighters etc.
Space Elevator
ABSTRACT
Experts agree that the biggest drain of energy takes place when a vehicle blasts off, pushing through Earth’s gravitational pull requires great amounts of fuel, but once they get out of our atmosphere, the rest is easy. If you could cut out that “blast off” portion, space travel would be easier and much more fuel-efficient. We have seen the different concepts involved for the success of this idea. If this concept comes to light soon, its going to prove very fuel efficient and going to be very cost effective. Here we look into the various advantages and disadvantages involved. We also take the Economical point of view also into consideration.
Experts agree that the biggest drain of energy takes place when a vehicle blasts off, pushing through Earth’s gravitational pull requires great amounts of fuel, but once they get out of our atmosphere, the rest is easy. If you could cut out that “blast off” portion, space travel would be easier and much more fuel-efficient. We have seen the different concepts involved for the success of this idea. If this concept comes to light soon, its going to prove very fuel efficient and going to be very cost effective. Here we look into the various advantages and disadvantages involved. We also take the Economical point of view also into consideration.
Solar Sails
ABSTRACT
Hundreds of space missions have been launched since the last lunar mission, including several deep space probes that have been sent to the edges of our solar system. However, our journeys to space have been limited by the power of chemical rocket engines and the amount of rocket fuel that a spacecraft can carry. Today, the weight of a space shuttle at launch is approximately 95 percent fuel. What could we accomplish if we could reduce our need for so much fuel and the tanks that hold it?
International space agencies and some private corporations have proposed many methods of transportation that would allow us to go farther, but a manned space mission has yet to go beyond the moon. The most realistic of these new space transportation options calls for the elimination of both rocket fuel and engines altogether. The world space powers like NASA, ESA, RSA, etc... Is studying an amazing technology called solar sails that will use the sun's power to send us to other worlds!
‘Fundamentally the concept behind the solar sail is to use a large reflective surface to provide propulsion for a spacecraft through the use of sunlight pressure for the motive force’
Here in this context I shall purposes to explain about solar sailing, and how the idea of solar sailing developed, how close this space agency is to implementing this technology and how far and fast solar sails might take us in the universe!
Hundreds of space missions have been launched since the last lunar mission, including several deep space probes that have been sent to the edges of our solar system. However, our journeys to space have been limited by the power of chemical rocket engines and the amount of rocket fuel that a spacecraft can carry. Today, the weight of a space shuttle at launch is approximately 95 percent fuel. What could we accomplish if we could reduce our need for so much fuel and the tanks that hold it?
International space agencies and some private corporations have proposed many methods of transportation that would allow us to go farther, but a manned space mission has yet to go beyond the moon. The most realistic of these new space transportation options calls for the elimination of both rocket fuel and engines altogether. The world space powers like NASA, ESA, RSA, etc... Is studying an amazing technology called solar sails that will use the sun's power to send us to other worlds!
‘Fundamentally the concept behind the solar sail is to use a large reflective surface to provide propulsion for a spacecraft through the use of sunlight pressure for the motive force’
Here in this context I shall purposes to explain about solar sailing, and how the idea of solar sailing developed, how close this space agency is to implementing this technology and how far and fast solar sails might take us in the universe!
SOLAR POWERED VECHICLES
ABSTRACT
The present seminar deals with the explanation of the advantages & necessity of solar power in the present world through solar powered vehicles. Solar-powered vehicles (SPVs), such as cars, boats, bicycles, and even airplanes, use solar energy to either power an electric motor directly, and/or use solar energy to charge a battery, which powers the motor. They use an array of solar photovoltaic (PV) cells (or modules made of cells) that convert sunlight into electricity. The electricity either goes directly to an electric motor powering the vehicle, or to a special storage battery. The PV array can be built (integrated) onto the vehicle body itself, or fixed on a building or a vehicle shelter to charge an electric vehicle (EV) battery when it is parked. Other types of renewable energy sources, such as wind energy or hydropower, can also produce electricity cleanly to charge EV batteries.
The present seminar deals with the explanation of the advantages & necessity of solar power in the present world through solar powered vehicles. Solar-powered vehicles (SPVs), such as cars, boats, bicycles, and even airplanes, use solar energy to either power an electric motor directly, and/or use solar energy to charge a battery, which powers the motor. They use an array of solar photovoltaic (PV) cells (or modules made of cells) that convert sunlight into electricity. The electricity either goes directly to an electric motor powering the vehicle, or to a special storage battery. The PV array can be built (integrated) onto the vehicle body itself, or fixed on a building or a vehicle shelter to charge an electric vehicle (EV) battery when it is parked. Other types of renewable energy sources, such as wind energy or hydropower, can also produce electricity cleanly to charge EV batteries.
Smart Materials and It’s Applications
ABSTRACT
Smart or intelligent materials are materials that have the intrinsic and extrinsic capabilities, first, to respond to stimuli and environmental changes and, second, to activate their functions according to these changes. The stimuli could originate internally or externally. Since its beginnings, materials science has undergone a distinct evolution: from the use of inert structural materials to materials built for a particular function, to active or adaptive materials, and finally to smart materials with more acute recognition, discrimination and reaction capabilities. To encompass this last transformation, new materials and alloys have to satisfy a number of fundamental specifications. Smart materials can come in a variety of sizes, shapes, compounds, and functions. But what they all share— indeed what makes them “smart”—is their ability to adapt to changing conditions. Smart materials are the ultimate shape shifters. They can also alter their physical form, monitor their environment, and even diagnose their own internal conditions. They can also do all of this while intelligently interacting with the objects and people around them. The components of the smart materials revolution have been finding their way out of the labs and into industrial applications for the past decade.
Smart or intelligent materials are materials that have the intrinsic and extrinsic capabilities, first, to respond to stimuli and environmental changes and, second, to activate their functions according to these changes. The stimuli could originate internally or externally. Since its beginnings, materials science has undergone a distinct evolution: from the use of inert structural materials to materials built for a particular function, to active or adaptive materials, and finally to smart materials with more acute recognition, discrimination and reaction capabilities. To encompass this last transformation, new materials and alloys have to satisfy a number of fundamental specifications. Smart materials can come in a variety of sizes, shapes, compounds, and functions. But what they all share— indeed what makes them “smart”—is their ability to adapt to changing conditions. Smart materials are the ultimate shape shifters. They can also alter their physical form, monitor their environment, and even diagnose their own internal conditions. They can also do all of this while intelligently interacting with the objects and people around them. The components of the smart materials revolution have been finding their way out of the labs and into industrial applications for the past decade.
Sidewinder Missile
ABSTRACT
In the present age, a large effort is being made to prevent wars. But the lion’s share of any countries budget is devoted to defence various powerful weapons are used for eliminating the enemy planes, bunkers and tankers. Of this, the most commonly used and effective weapons are missiles. Unlike the old conventional missiles using radar technology which is expensive and problematic, a high level research and testing are going on for improving the accuracy and efficiency of weapons, maximum stress is given to prevent the failure keeping this in mind, an ingenious idea that came up was HEAT SEEKING MIISSILES. Side winder missiles are one such missile which was the heat sensing technology.
This seminar will provide an overview of the specification working, parts and advantages of side winder missiles.
In the present age, a large effort is being made to prevent wars. But the lion’s share of any countries budget is devoted to defence various powerful weapons are used for eliminating the enemy planes, bunkers and tankers. Of this, the most commonly used and effective weapons are missiles. Unlike the old conventional missiles using radar technology which is expensive and problematic, a high level research and testing are going on for improving the accuracy and efficiency of weapons, maximum stress is given to prevent the failure keeping this in mind, an ingenious idea that came up was HEAT SEEKING MIISSILES. Side winder missiles are one such missile which was the heat sensing technology.
This seminar will provide an overview of the specification working, parts and advantages of side winder missiles.
Selective Laser Sintering
ABSTRACT
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is technique by which parts are building layer by layer. The SLS is a free form fabrication method to create components by precise thermal fusing of powdered materials.
This is durable, economical and fast. The SLS is another form of rapid prototyping. This selective laser sintering (SLS) is one among the rapid prototyping which include stereo lithography (SLA). This method has also been extended to provide direct fabrication of metal and ceramic objects and tools. With this method we can make required and different prototype. This SLS can be used as a mass production prototyping.
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is technique by which parts are building layer by layer. The SLS is a free form fabrication method to create components by precise thermal fusing of powdered materials.
This is durable, economical and fast. The SLS is another form of rapid prototyping. This selective laser sintering (SLS) is one among the rapid prototyping which include stereo lithography (SLA). This method has also been extended to provide direct fabrication of metal and ceramic objects and tools. With this method we can make required and different prototype. This SLS can be used as a mass production prototyping.
Running Gearing
ABSTRACT
The engine with no crank shaft is temporarily known by a name called ‘running gearing’ engine. The technology of running gear can be applied to all formerly manufactured engines equipped with crank mechanism. This seminar deals with the arrangement and working of the engine and also its comparison with conventional type of engine. The comparison result shows that running gearing engine as much improved engine parameters than conventional crank engine.
The engine with no crank shaft is temporarily known by a name called ‘running gearing’ engine. The technology of running gear can be applied to all formerly manufactured engines equipped with crank mechanism. This seminar deals with the arrangement and working of the engine and also its comparison with conventional type of engine. The comparison result shows that running gearing engine as much improved engine parameters than conventional crank engine.
Robots In Radioactive Environments
ABSTRACT
Robots were developed to reduce the human work and increase the precision of work. Now, this can be applied to radioactive environment encountered in nuclear power plants. As human safety is of primary importance, so robots are taking over from human beings in radioactive environment.
Now different types of telerobots are used in the nuclear power plants which can access anywhere in the nuclear power plants, thus reducing human exposure. Apart from the high initial cost, it is cheaper than using professional workers in long run.
The future of robots used in radioactive environment is expected to reach a phase where the nuclear power plants can be made devoid of human beings. This would be possible only with the arrival of completely automatic fractal robots.
Robots were developed to reduce the human work and increase the precision of work. Now, this can be applied to radioactive environment encountered in nuclear power plants. As human safety is of primary importance, so robots are taking over from human beings in radioactive environment.
Now different types of telerobots are used in the nuclear power plants which can access anywhere in the nuclear power plants, thus reducing human exposure. Apart from the high initial cost, it is cheaper than using professional workers in long run.
The future of robots used in radioactive environment is expected to reach a phase where the nuclear power plants can be made devoid of human beings. This would be possible only with the arrival of completely automatic fractal robots.
Quasi turbine
ABSTRACT
While the most rotary engines use the principle of volume variations between a curve and moving cord of fixed length, this new engine concept uses a four-degree of freedom rotor inside an internal housing contour, and does not require a central shaft or support.
The invention is an assembly of four carriages supporting the pivots of four blades forming a variable shape rotor. This rotor rolls just like a roller bearing on the surface of an internal contour wall. During the rotation the rotor pivoting blades align alternatively in a lozenge and square configuration. All ports are radial in the housing and /or axial on the lateral side covers. Since he compression and expansion strokes start and end simultaneously, an ignition flame transfer slots is used to maintain a continuous combustion while four strokes are completed in every revolution. A central shaft is not required for the engine to operate, but can be added and driven by blades, through a mechanical arms coupling.
While the most rotary engines use the principle of volume variations between a curve and moving cord of fixed length, this new engine concept uses a four-degree of freedom rotor inside an internal housing contour, and does not require a central shaft or support.
The invention is an assembly of four carriages supporting the pivots of four blades forming a variable shape rotor. This rotor rolls just like a roller bearing on the surface of an internal contour wall. During the rotation the rotor pivoting blades align alternatively in a lozenge and square configuration. All ports are radial in the housing and /or axial on the lateral side covers. Since he compression and expansion strokes start and end simultaneously, an ignition flame transfer slots is used to maintain a continuous combustion while four strokes are completed in every revolution. A central shaft is not required for the engine to operate, but can be added and driven by blades, through a mechanical arms coupling.
Quality improvement tool “poka yoke”
ABSTRACT
The dictionary has many definitions for quality. A short definition, that is widely accepted is Quality is customer satisfaction. Quality is a relative term generally used with reference to the end use of the product. According to Edward Deming Quality should aim at customer need both present and future. The increasing need for quality resulted in formation of quality management systems (QMS) .When international organizations of standards (ISO) which comprises of National standard bodies of 95 countries put forward some quality standards for operation of quality management systems known as ISO standards. Latest ISO 9001 standards gives much importance of taking preventive actions in an organization to avoid problems related to non conformance and other unintentional mistakes . POKA YOKE or mistake proofing is quality improvement tool which avoids the occurrences of unintentional errors in a system. This concept was formulated by Dr. Shigeo Shingo, a famous Japanese manufacturing engineer. Shingo is well-known for his evolutionary work at Toyota and other Japanese companies, where he developed entire production systems focused on achieving zero defects in production.
The dictionary has many definitions for quality. A short definition, that is widely accepted is Quality is customer satisfaction. Quality is a relative term generally used with reference to the end use of the product. According to Edward Deming Quality should aim at customer need both present and future. The increasing need for quality resulted in formation of quality management systems (QMS) .When international organizations of standards (ISO) which comprises of National standard bodies of 95 countries put forward some quality standards for operation of quality management systems known as ISO standards. Latest ISO 9001 standards gives much importance of taking preventive actions in an organization to avoid problems related to non conformance and other unintentional mistakes . POKA YOKE or mistake proofing is quality improvement tool which avoids the occurrences of unintentional errors in a system. This concept was formulated by Dr. Shigeo Shingo, a famous Japanese manufacturing engineer. Shingo is well-known for his evolutionary work at Toyota and other Japanese companies, where he developed entire production systems focused on achieving zero defects in production.
QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT
ABSTRACT
The QFD analysis include identifying customer needs and expectations, determining how to meet them, defining quantified goals, and methodologies for identifying and resolving conflicting requirements. One of the advantages of QFD analysis is that it deploys the “voice of the customer”, and forces product development teams to focus on customer needs and expectations. As mentioned, the QFD is a relatively advanced concept, and is probably best employed when used in conjunction with other previously-implemented disciplines. Organizations that use QFD successfully prepare numerous matrices for the products concept development phase, detailed design work, and various phases of the products manufacture. The approach is the same focus on the customer’s needs and expectations, and develop everything else in a manner than optimally satisfies these needs and expectations. This seminar also includes case study on NOKIA, its observations, voice of the customer research, optimizing, planning, prioritizing, selecting the target customer and benefits.
The QFD analysis include identifying customer needs and expectations, determining how to meet them, defining quantified goals, and methodologies for identifying and resolving conflicting requirements. One of the advantages of QFD analysis is that it deploys the “voice of the customer”, and forces product development teams to focus on customer needs and expectations. As mentioned, the QFD is a relatively advanced concept, and is probably best employed when used in conjunction with other previously-implemented disciplines. Organizations that use QFD successfully prepare numerous matrices for the products concept development phase, detailed design work, and various phases of the products manufacture. The approach is the same focus on the customer’s needs and expectations, and develop everything else in a manner than optimally satisfies these needs and expectations. This seminar also includes case study on NOKIA, its observations, voice of the customer research, optimizing, planning, prioritizing, selecting the target customer and benefits.
Vacuum Braking System
ABSTRACT
A moving train contains energy, known as kinetic energy, which needs to be removed from the train in order to cause it to stop. The simplest way of doing this is to convert the energy into heat. The conversion is usually done by applying a contact material to the rotating wheels or to discs attached to the axles. The material creates friction and converts the kinetic energy into heat. The wheels slow down and eventually the train stops. The material used for braking is normally in the form of a block or pad.
An alternative to the air brake, known as the vacuum brake, was introduced around the early 1870s, the same time as the air brake. Like the air brake, the vacuum brake system is controlled through a brake pipe connecting a brake valve in the driver's cab with braking equipment on every vehicle. The operation of the brake equipment on each vehicle depends on the condition of a vacuum created in the pipe by an ejector or exhauster. The ejector, using steam on a steam locomotive, or an exhauster, using electric power on other types of train, removes atmospheric pressure from the brake pipe to create the vacuum. With a full vacuum, the brake is released. With no vacuum, at normal atmospheric pressure in the brake pipe, the brake is fully applied.
A moving train contains energy, known as kinetic energy, which needs to be removed from the train in order to cause it to stop. The simplest way of doing this is to convert the energy into heat. The conversion is usually done by applying a contact material to the rotating wheels or to discs attached to the axles. The material creates friction and converts the kinetic energy into heat. The wheels slow down and eventually the train stops. The material used for braking is normally in the form of a block or pad.
An alternative to the air brake, known as the vacuum brake, was introduced around the early 1870s, the same time as the air brake. Like the air brake, the vacuum brake system is controlled through a brake pipe connecting a brake valve in the driver's cab with braking equipment on every vehicle. The operation of the brake equipment on each vehicle depends on the condition of a vacuum created in the pipe by an ejector or exhauster. The ejector, using steam on a steam locomotive, or an exhauster, using electric power on other types of train, removes atmospheric pressure from the brake pipe to create the vacuum. With a full vacuum, the brake is released. With no vacuum, at normal atmospheric pressure in the brake pipe, the brake is fully applied.
Personal Protection
ABSTRACT
In this present situation personal protection is an important factor. Although the primary approaches in any safety effort is the correction of the physical environment so that unwanted events cannot occur. It is sometimes necessary for economic or other expeditious reasons to safeguard personnel by equipping them individually with specialized personal protective equipment.
This seminar deals with some personal protections, Eye, Face Protection, Finger, Hand, Arm, Foot and Leg Protection, Noise Safeguards and Respiratory Protective Equipments etc…
In this present situation personal protection is an important factor. Although the primary approaches in any safety effort is the correction of the physical environment so that unwanted events cannot occur. It is sometimes necessary for economic or other expeditious reasons to safeguard personnel by equipping them individually with specialized personal protective equipment.
This seminar deals with some personal protections, Eye, Face Protection, Finger, Hand, Arm, Foot and Leg Protection, Noise Safeguards and Respiratory Protective Equipments etc…
OEE
ABSTRACT
In today's economy, you're expected to continuously improve your Return on Total Capital. And as capital to build new, more efficient plants becomes more difficult to obtain, you often have to meet growing production demands with current equipment and facilities — while continuing to cut costs. There are several ways you can optimize your processes to improve profitability. But it can be difficult to understand the overall effectiveness of a complex operation so you can decide where to make improvements. That's especially true when the process involves multiple pieces of equipment that affect each other's effectiveness. To meet this challenge we can use OEE or Overall Equipment Effectiveness. It helps in controlling not only human resources but also equipment usage.
In today's economy, you're expected to continuously improve your Return on Total Capital. And as capital to build new, more efficient plants becomes more difficult to obtain, you often have to meet growing production demands with current equipment and facilities — while continuing to cut costs. There are several ways you can optimize your processes to improve profitability. But it can be difficult to understand the overall effectiveness of a complex operation so you can decide where to make improvements. That's especially true when the process involves multiple pieces of equipment that affect each other's effectiveness. To meet this challenge we can use OEE or Overall Equipment Effectiveness. It helps in controlling not only human resources but also equipment usage.
Mine Detection Using Radar Bullets
ABSTRACT
Land mines are a case of serious threats to the life of civilians, especially in mine-affected countries like Afghanistan and Iraq .The mines which are implanted during the war time may remain undetected for several decades and may suddenly be activated after that. There are several methods for detection of land mines, such as metal detection and explosive detection. These ways of detection are dangerous because they are done very close to the mine.
A safe method for detecting land mines is “mine detection using radar bullets”. As the name suggests detection is done using Radar Bullets and hence can be done further away from the mine. Detection is usually done from helicopters. Researchers are being conducted to overcome certain inefficiencies of this method.
Land mines are a case of serious threats to the life of civilians, especially in mine-affected countries like Afghanistan and Iraq .The mines which are implanted during the war time may remain undetected for several decades and may suddenly be activated after that. There are several methods for detection of land mines, such as metal detection and explosive detection. These ways of detection are dangerous because they are done very close to the mine.
A safe method for detecting land mines is “mine detection using radar bullets”. As the name suggests detection is done using Radar Bullets and hence can be done further away from the mine. Detection is usually done from helicopters. Researchers are being conducted to overcome certain inefficiencies of this method.
Methanol Fueled Marine Diesel Engine
ABSTRACT
Nowadays concerns about methanol have increased from the viewpoints of environmental protection and versatility of fuels at a global scale. Energetic research on methanol-fueled automobile engines has been forwarded from the viewpoints of low environmental pollution and the use of alternate fuel since the oil crisis, and they are now being tested on vehicles in various countries in the world. Desire for saving of maintenance cost and labour prevails as well as the environmental problems in the field of marine engines. From these motives scientists have carried out research and development of a methanol fueled marine diesel engine which is quite different from automobile engines in the size, main particulars, working condition and durability. Although scientists have made a great use of invaluable knowledge from automotive technology, some special studies were necessary due to these differences. Ignition method is a typical one. Dual fuel injection system was tried for trouble-free ignition of methanol fuel. This system is thought to be the most favourable ignition method for marine diesel engines which have to withstand quick load change and accept no misfiring.
Nowadays concerns about methanol have increased from the viewpoints of environmental protection and versatility of fuels at a global scale. Energetic research on methanol-fueled automobile engines has been forwarded from the viewpoints of low environmental pollution and the use of alternate fuel since the oil crisis, and they are now being tested on vehicles in various countries in the world. Desire for saving of maintenance cost and labour prevails as well as the environmental problems in the field of marine engines. From these motives scientists have carried out research and development of a methanol fueled marine diesel engine which is quite different from automobile engines in the size, main particulars, working condition and durability. Although scientists have made a great use of invaluable knowledge from automotive technology, some special studies were necessary due to these differences. Ignition method is a typical one. Dual fuel injection system was tried for trouble-free ignition of methanol fuel. This system is thought to be the most favourable ignition method for marine diesel engines which have to withstand quick load change and accept no misfiring.
MEMS for Space
ABSTRACT
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) represent a growing technology with critical applications across diverse fields. Much of the industrial effort is directed toward replacing conventional technology with MEMS devices to reduce cost, increase functionality, improve reliability, and decrease size and mass
Micro-electro-mechanical systems or MEMS are micron-scale (human hair < 100 microns) devices and tools that can be fabricated in ways similar to integrated circuits and are used in industrial, automotive, defense, life sciences, and consumer applications.
Other examples of real-world MEMS devices are RF components for cell phones, miniature pressure sensors for blood pressure monitoring, DNA detectors on a chip, micro-mirror arrays for portable projectors, as well as inertial sensors for realistic computer gaming joysticks and wireless computer interfaces, etc.
Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is the integration of mechanical elements, sensors, actuators, and electronics on a common silicon substrate through micro fabrication technology. While the electronics are fabricated using integrated circuit (IC) process sequences and the micromechanical components are fabricated using compatible "micromachining" processes that selectively etch away parts of the silicon wafer or add new structural layers to form the mechanical and electromechanical devices.
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) represent a growing technology with critical applications across diverse fields. Much of the industrial effort is directed toward replacing conventional technology with MEMS devices to reduce cost, increase functionality, improve reliability, and decrease size and mass
Micro-electro-mechanical systems or MEMS are micron-scale (human hair < 100 microns) devices and tools that can be fabricated in ways similar to integrated circuits and are used in industrial, automotive, defense, life sciences, and consumer applications.
Other examples of real-world MEMS devices are RF components for cell phones, miniature pressure sensors for blood pressure monitoring, DNA detectors on a chip, micro-mirror arrays for portable projectors, as well as inertial sensors for realistic computer gaming joysticks and wireless computer interfaces, etc.
Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is the integration of mechanical elements, sensors, actuators, and electronics on a common silicon substrate through micro fabrication technology. While the electronics are fabricated using integrated circuit (IC) process sequences and the micromechanical components are fabricated using compatible "micromachining" processes that selectively etch away parts of the silicon wafer or add new structural layers to form the mechanical and electromechanical devices.
LEAN MANUFACTURING
ABSTRACT
In this world of competition without proper production management a company cannot survive. Using a manufacturing concept for competitive advantage is relatively a new concept.
Lean manufacturing is a concept actually brought up y Toyota motor company, Japan. But it was popularized to the world by the book “THE MACHINE THAT CHANGED THE WORLD” by Womack, Jones and Roos of MIT in 1990.
Adding value by eliminating waste, being responsive to changes, focusing on quality and enhancing effectiveness of workforce is what achieved by lean manufacturing. It needs a systematic and continuing search for non value added activities.
This seminar provides an overview of basic elements, techniques and benefits of lean manufacturing.
In this world of competition without proper production management a company cannot survive. Using a manufacturing concept for competitive advantage is relatively a new concept.
Lean manufacturing is a concept actually brought up y Toyota motor company, Japan. But it was popularized to the world by the book “THE MACHINE THAT CHANGED THE WORLD” by Womack, Jones and Roos of MIT in 1990.
Adding value by eliminating waste, being responsive to changes, focusing on quality and enhancing effectiveness of workforce is what achieved by lean manufacturing. It needs a systematic and continuing search for non value added activities.
This seminar provides an overview of basic elements, techniques and benefits of lean manufacturing.
Just In Time Manufacturing
ABSTRACT
JIT is a management philosophy that strives to eliminate sources of manufacturing waste by producing the right part in the right place at the right time. The Waste results from any activity that adds cost without adding value, such as moving and storing. The idea of producing the necessary units in the necessary quantities at the necessary time is described by the short term Just-in-time.
The implementation of this management philosophy in industries like the automobile industry can bring about a see saw change in both quality & quantity since in a JIT system, underutilized (excess) capacity is used instead of buffer inventories to hedge against problems that may arise.
This seminar gives an over view of the JUST IN TIME technique by considering the TOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM in detail.
JIT is a management philosophy that strives to eliminate sources of manufacturing waste by producing the right part in the right place at the right time. The Waste results from any activity that adds cost without adding value, such as moving and storing. The idea of producing the necessary units in the necessary quantities at the necessary time is described by the short term Just-in-time.
The implementation of this management philosophy in industries like the automobile industry can bring about a see saw change in both quality & quantity since in a JIT system, underutilized (excess) capacity is used instead of buffer inventories to hedge against problems that may arise.
This seminar gives an over view of the JUST IN TIME technique by considering the TOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM in detail.
Infrared Curing and Convection Curing
ABSTRACT
The coatings and paint industries strive to provide high technology coatings while reducing volatile organic compounds and energy consumption to produce a finished coating. Conventionally Convection ovens are used to cure the coatings. But this process which uses electric heaters is not an optimal process and is associated with various disadvantages. Improved technologies are available today, which can either replace or improve the convection curing process. Infrared Curing is such a technology which uses Infrared rays emitted by an Infrared emitter to provide the required cure. Infrared curing applies light energy to the part surface by direct transmission from an emitter. Some of the energy emitted will be reflected off the surface, some is absorbed into the polymer and some is transmitted into the substrate. This direct transfer of energy creates an immediate reaction in the polymer and cross linking begins quickly once the surface is exposed to the emitter. Infrared emitters are often custom manufactured to suit the production demand. The various aspects of Infrared curing and convection curing and the possibility of combining these two technologies into a singe system will be discussed in this seminar.
The coatings and paint industries strive to provide high technology coatings while reducing volatile organic compounds and energy consumption to produce a finished coating. Conventionally Convection ovens are used to cure the coatings. But this process which uses electric heaters is not an optimal process and is associated with various disadvantages. Improved technologies are available today, which can either replace or improve the convection curing process. Infrared Curing is such a technology which uses Infrared rays emitted by an Infrared emitter to provide the required cure. Infrared curing applies light energy to the part surface by direct transmission from an emitter. Some of the energy emitted will be reflected off the surface, some is absorbed into the polymer and some is transmitted into the substrate. This direct transfer of energy creates an immediate reaction in the polymer and cross linking begins quickly once the surface is exposed to the emitter. Infrared emitters are often custom manufactured to suit the production demand. The various aspects of Infrared curing and convection curing and the possibility of combining these two technologies into a singe system will be discussed in this seminar.
HOVER CRAFT
ABSTRACT
A Hovercraft is a vehicle that flies like a plane but can float like a boat, can drive like a car but will traverse ditches and gullies as it is a flat terrain. A Hovercraft also sometimes called an air cushion vehicle because it can hover over or move across land or water surfaces while being held off from the surfaces by a cushion of air. A Hovercraft can travel over all types of surfaces including grass, mud, muskeg, sand, quicksand, water and ice .Hovercraft prefer gentle terrain although they are capable of climbing slopes up to 20%, depending upon surface characteristics. Modern Hovercrafts are used for many applications where people and equipment need to travel at speed over water but be able load and unload on land. For example they are used as passenger or freight carriers, as recreational machines and even use as warships. Hovercrafts are very exciting to fly and feeling of effortlessly traveling from land to water and back again is unique.
A Hovercraft is a vehicle that flies like a plane but can float like a boat, can drive like a car but will traverse ditches and gullies as it is a flat terrain. A Hovercraft also sometimes called an air cushion vehicle because it can hover over or move across land or water surfaces while being held off from the surfaces by a cushion of air. A Hovercraft can travel over all types of surfaces including grass, mud, muskeg, sand, quicksand, water and ice .Hovercraft prefer gentle terrain although they are capable of climbing slopes up to 20%, depending upon surface characteristics. Modern Hovercrafts are used for many applications where people and equipment need to travel at speed over water but be able load and unload on land. For example they are used as passenger or freight carriers, as recreational machines and even use as warships. Hovercrafts are very exciting to fly and feeling of effortlessly traveling from land to water and back again is unique.
hemi engines
ABSTRACT
Engines are the major components of any automobile. A user of an automobile wants to get maximum power output from the engine, at the same time, not sacrificing fuel efficiency.
The design of an engine is very important. One of the most important parts of engine design is the design of the combustion chamber. Different types of combustion chamber heads are being used at present.
One type of chamber head is the hemispherical head. The hemispherical head design enables the user to extract more power from the engine. The engines using hemispherical heads are known as HEMI engines.
Modern HEMI engines are using various developments that have come up in the recent past. This has enabled these engines to provide the user with additional advantages apart from serving its major purpose, ie, supplying more power.
Engines are the major components of any automobile. A user of an automobile wants to get maximum power output from the engine, at the same time, not sacrificing fuel efficiency.
The design of an engine is very important. One of the most important parts of engine design is the design of the combustion chamber. Different types of combustion chamber heads are being used at present.
One type of chamber head is the hemispherical head. The hemispherical head design enables the user to extract more power from the engine. The engines using hemispherical heads are known as HEMI engines.
Modern HEMI engines are using various developments that have come up in the recent past. This has enabled these engines to provide the user with additional advantages apart from serving its major purpose, ie, supplying more power.
Fuel Energizer
ABSTRACT
In this era of increasing fuel prices, here a device called ‘FUEL ENERGIZER’ help us to Reduce Petrol /Diesel /Cooking gas consumption up to 28%, or in other words this would equal to buying the fuel up to 28% cheaper prices.
When fuel flow through powerful magnetic field created by Magnetizer Fuel Energizer, The hydrocarbons change their orientation and molecules in them change their configuration. Result: Molecules get realigned, and actively into locked with oxygen during combustion to produce a near complete burning of fuel in combustion chamber.
In this era of increasing fuel prices, here a device called ‘FUEL ENERGIZER’ help us to Reduce Petrol /Diesel /Cooking gas consumption up to 28%, or in other words this would equal to buying the fuel up to 28% cheaper prices.
When fuel flow through powerful magnetic field created by Magnetizer Fuel Energizer, The hydrocarbons change their orientation and molecules in them change their configuration. Result: Molecules get realigned, and actively into locked with oxygen during combustion to produce a near complete burning of fuel in combustion chamber.
Friction Stir Welding
ABSTRACT
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state joining process that involves joining of metals without fusion or filler materials. The frictional heat is produced from a rapidly rotating non-consumable high strength tool pin that extends from a cylindrical shoulder. The process is particularly applicable for aluminium alloys but can be extended to other products also. Plates, sheets and hollow pipes can be welded by this method. The process is also suitable for automation. The weld produced is of finer microstructure and superior in characteristics to that parent metal. FSW finds application in shipbuilding, aerospace, railway, electrical and automotive industry. The limitations of FSW are reduced by intensive research and development. Its cost effectiveness and ability to weld dissimilar metals makes it a commonly used welding process in recent times.
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state joining process that involves joining of metals without fusion or filler materials. The frictional heat is produced from a rapidly rotating non-consumable high strength tool pin that extends from a cylindrical shoulder. The process is particularly applicable for aluminium alloys but can be extended to other products also. Plates, sheets and hollow pipes can be welded by this method. The process is also suitable for automation. The weld produced is of finer microstructure and superior in characteristics to that parent metal. FSW finds application in shipbuilding, aerospace, railway, electrical and automotive industry. The limitations of FSW are reduced by intensive research and development. Its cost effectiveness and ability to weld dissimilar metals makes it a commonly used welding process in recent times.
Dyna-cam engine
ABSTRACT
The Dyna-Cam is not a miracle engine, it is just a different configuration with unique advantages. It produces high power and torque. It has 12 cylinders and 6 double ended piston.The piston is cut away on the central interior portion and which is connected to a sinusoidal cam. Sinusoidal cam is fixed over a driveshaft. If piston moves back and forth main cam rolls also causing the shaft to turn. Because of the design of the main cam each of the 12 cylinders fires with every revolutions of the shaft. The engine can be described as a freepiston, axially cam drive engine.
The Dyna-Cam is not a miracle engine, it is just a different configuration with unique advantages. It produces high power and torque. It has 12 cylinders and 6 double ended piston.The piston is cut away on the central interior portion and which is connected to a sinusoidal cam. Sinusoidal cam is fixed over a driveshaft. If piston moves back and forth main cam rolls also causing the shaft to turn. Because of the design of the main cam each of the 12 cylinders fires with every revolutions of the shaft. The engine can be described as a freepiston, axially cam drive engine.
Cylinder deactivation
ABSTRACT
In cylinder deactivation, a number of engine cylinders are shut down when less power is needed to save fuel.
The simple fact is that when we all need small amount of power, such as for crawling around town, what we really need is a smaller engine. To put it another way, an engine performs most efficiently when it’s working harder. So ask it to do the work of an engine half its size and efficiency suffers. ‘Pumping’ or ‘throttling’ losses are mostly to blame. When a petrol engine is running with the throttle wide open, pumping losses are minimal. But at part throttle, the engine wastes energy trying to breathe through a restricted air way and bigger the engine, the bigger the problem. Deactivating half the cylinders at part load is much like temporarily fitting a smaller engine
In cylinder deactivation, a number of engine cylinders are shut down when less power is needed to save fuel.
The simple fact is that when we all need small amount of power, such as for crawling around town, what we really need is a smaller engine. To put it another way, an engine performs most efficiently when it’s working harder. So ask it to do the work of an engine half its size and efficiency suffers. ‘Pumping’ or ‘throttling’ losses are mostly to blame. When a petrol engine is running with the throttle wide open, pumping losses are minimal. But at part throttle, the engine wastes energy trying to breathe through a restricted air way and bigger the engine, the bigger the problem. Deactivating half the cylinders at part load is much like temporarily fitting a smaller engine
The Cryocar
ABSTRACT
Cryogens are effective thermal storage media which, when used for automotive purposes, offer significant advantages over current and proposed electrochemical battery technologies, both in performance and economy. An automotive propulsion concept is presented which utilizes liquid nitrogen as the working fluid for an open Rankine cycle. The principle of operation is like that of a steam engine, except there is no combustion involved. Liquid nitrogen is pressurized and then vaporized in a heat exchanger by the ambient temperature of the surrounding air. The resulting high – pressure nitrogen gas is fed to the engine converting pressure into mechanical power. The only exhaust is nitrogen.
The usage of cryogenic fuels has significant advantage over other fuel. Also, factors such as production and storage of nitrogen and pollutants in the exhaust give advantage for the cryogenic fuels.
Cryogens are effective thermal storage media which, when used for automotive purposes, offer significant advantages over current and proposed electrochemical battery technologies, both in performance and economy. An automotive propulsion concept is presented which utilizes liquid nitrogen as the working fluid for an open Rankine cycle. The principle of operation is like that of a steam engine, except there is no combustion involved. Liquid nitrogen is pressurized and then vaporized in a heat exchanger by the ambient temperature of the surrounding air. The resulting high – pressure nitrogen gas is fed to the engine converting pressure into mechanical power. The only exhaust is nitrogen.
The usage of cryogenic fuels has significant advantage over other fuel. Also, factors such as production and storage of nitrogen and pollutants in the exhaust give advantage for the cryogenic fuels.
Cruise Control Systems in Cars
ABSTRACT
Cruise control is a new technological development which incorporates a factor of comfort in driving. Safety is only a small benefit of this system. In short, cruise control can be said to be a system which uses the principles of radar to determine the distances between two consecutive moving vehicles in which either one or both of them is incorporated with this system. The electromagnetic rays from radar system are sensed by sensors in the vehicle which in turn rely commands to the throttle and brakes of the vehicle to perform according to the adjacent vehicle’s distance. So cruise control is a system which provides comfort to drivers during long monotonous drives.
Cruise control is a new technological development which incorporates a factor of comfort in driving. Safety is only a small benefit of this system. In short, cruise control can be said to be a system which uses the principles of radar to determine the distances between two consecutive moving vehicles in which either one or both of them is incorporated with this system. The electromagnetic rays from radar system are sensed by sensors in the vehicle which in turn rely commands to the throttle and brakes of the vehicle to perform according to the adjacent vehicle’s distance. So cruise control is a system which provides comfort to drivers during long monotonous drives.
CAMM Systems
ABSTRACT
Organisations today face dynamically changing priorities and high workloads in their operations. In such a situation, maintenance managers need an effective and reliable tool in order to plan effectively, complete tasks on schedule and make quick, comprehensive reviews when resources available at their disposal are scarce.
CAMM System delivers a high powered solution for the whole gamut of maintenance functions. The application group comprises three modules: Maintenance Administration & Control, Equipment and Maintenance Operations.
Organisations today face dynamically changing priorities and high workloads in their operations. In such a situation, maintenance managers need an effective and reliable tool in order to plan effectively, complete tasks on schedule and make quick, comprehensive reviews when resources available at their disposal are scarce.
CAMM System delivers a high powered solution for the whole gamut of maintenance functions. The application group comprises three modules: Maintenance Administration & Control, Equipment and Maintenance Operations.
Apache Helicopter
ABSTRACT
The Apache Helicopter is a revolutionary development in the history of war. It is essentially a flying tank- a helicopter designed to survive heavy attack and inflict massive damage. It can zero in on specific targets, day or night, even in terrible weather. As you might expect, it is a terrifying machine to ground forces.
In this topic, we look at the Apache’s amazing flight systems, engines, weapon systems, sensor systems and armour systems. Individually these components are remarkable pieces of technology. Combined together they make up an unbelievable fighting machine – the most lethal helicopter ever created.
The Apache Helicopter is a revolutionary development in the history of war. It is essentially a flying tank- a helicopter designed to survive heavy attack and inflict massive damage. It can zero in on specific targets, day or night, even in terrible weather. As you might expect, it is a terrifying machine to ground forces.
In this topic, we look at the Apache’s amazing flight systems, engines, weapon systems, sensor systems and armour systems. Individually these components are remarkable pieces of technology. Combined together they make up an unbelievable fighting machine – the most lethal helicopter ever created.
Agile Manufacturing
ABSTRACT
As the whole world is aligning itself to new standards, the industry has to meet the challenges and realign itself to satisfy the customer’s demands. Thus arise various production techniques and competitive management standards. A concept which arose in U.S.A in1990 called AGILITY is the subject of this seminar. This seminar aims to throw light into the concept and philosophy of agility and how it can be used in manufacturing. It also helps to learn the pillars on which it is built. Some case studies are also included to show the effect of various pillars.
Aeroplane Propulsion Systems
ABSTRACT
A heavier than air flying machine, supported by aerofoils, designed to obtain, when driven through the air at an angle inclined to the direction of motion, a reaction from the air approximately at right angle to their surfaces is known as aeroplane. The various forces which acts on the aeroplane when it travels through the air are lift force, drag force, thrust force and its own weight. For steady condition the weight should be balanced by the lift and drag by thrust. The lift is obtained due to the special shape of wings and thrust is obtained by propulsion systems.
The main objectives of this seminar are to describe the different engines used for jet propulsion and the future scope of propulsion systems.
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